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Sudan’s North and South Kordofan states are witnessing a dangerous escalation in ethnically driven violence. Militias affiliated with the Islamic Movement’s army and the Al-Baraa Ibn Malik militia have carried out gruesome acts of ethnic cleansing targeting the Dar Hamar and Hawazma tribes in the regions of Al-Khuwai and Al-Hammadi. These attacks, likened to the atrocities committed by ISIS, have sparked fears that Sudan’s conflict is veering towards a full-blown civil war driven by sectarian and ethnic motives.

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Ethnic Cleansing in Al-Khuwai: Targeting the Dar Hamar Tribe

In Al-Khuwai, a town traditionally inhabited by the Dar Hamar tribe in North Kordofan, armed militias carried out brutal killings, including beheadings of civilians, as part of what appears to be a campaign of collective revenge. The militias claim that the Dar Hamar tribe “facilitated” the Rapid Support Forces‘ control of Al-Nuhud, a claim used as justification for the attacks.

Local sources reported that civilians were randomly targeted, resulting in dozens of deaths and the displacement of hundreds of families to nearby villages. Verified reports suggest that militias stormed homes and carried out summary executions, spreading fear throughout the community. While full documentation is hindered by a media blackout, witness testimonies confirm the systematic targeting of tribal members.

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Al-Hammadi Massacres: Baseless Accusations Against the Hawazma Tribe

In South Kordofan, the same militias replicated their brutality in Al-Hammadi, targeting members of the Hawazma tribe, accusing them of “collaborating” with the Rapid Support Forces. According to local sources, killings and abductions of young men and innocent civilians were carried out without any evidence to support the allegations.

These operations are part of a broader campaign against tribes deemed disloyal to militia agendas, revealing the ethnic and retaliatory nature of the conflict. Reports also indicate widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure in Al-Hammadi — including homes and marketplaces — forcing residents to flee under violent conditions.

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Conflict Dimensions: A Civil War Cloaked in Religion and Ethnicity

Recent developments suggest that the Sudanese war has entered a new and dangerous phase, where militias tied to the Islamic Movement are weaponizing religion and tribal identity to inflame tensions. The use of brutal tactics such as beheadings reflects not only the intensification of violence but also the looming threat of a nationwide civil conflict tearing apart Sudan’s social fabric.

Human rights organizations like Human Rights Watch have warned that escalating hate speech and ethnically motivated violence may usher in “the darkest chapters” of the conflict. Similarly, the UN Fact-Finding Mission in Sudan condemned the attacks on civilians and called for an immediate ceasefire.

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Calls for International Investigation: Official Silence and Potential Complicity

Amidst these atrocities, rights groups and local communities are calling for an independent international investigation into the Al-Khuwaii and Al-Hammadi massacres. Locals are urging the international community to intervene and halt the militia’s abuses, especially in light of the Sudanese government’s silence in Port Sudan, which is suspected of complicity.

A report by the UN Human Rights Office documented similar incidents in North Kordofan, including a verified video showing the beheadings of four students by armed men in military uniforms, accompanied by ethnic slurs. This underscores the urgent need for impartial investigations to hold perpetrators accountable.

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Documentation Challenges Amid Media Blackout

Media censorship and insecurity in affected areas severely hinder documentation efforts. Reports suggest that Sudanese authorities are blocking humanitarian organizations from accessing Al-Khuwai and Al-Hammadi, worsening the humanitarian crisis. Nonetheless, survivor testimonies and videos circulating on social media provide preliminary evidence of the scale of the atrocities.

The Way Forward: Urgent Need for International Intervention

The ongoing violations demand immediate international response — including sanctions on those involved and support for civilian protection missions. The United Nations and African Union must intensify mediation efforts to de-escalate the conflict and ensure the safe return of displaced populations.

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In conclusion, the massacres in Al-Khuwai and Al-Hammadi are not isolated incidents but symptoms of a deeper crisis threatening Sudan’s stability and unity. As ethnic violence escalates, the question remains: will the world act before this tragedy turns into a full-scale humanitarian disaster?

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