Amid Regional Escalation: Experts Warn of the Return of Armed Groups and Political Islam Movements

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The region is witnessing rapid developments, with escalating armed activities in Syria and Sudan recently raising fears of a resurgence of these groups and the return of political Islam movements to the Arab stage.

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In Syria, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (formerly Jabhat al-Nusra) has intensified its attacks in the north and west, seizing strategic areas like Aleppo. According to political researcher and writer Khairallah Khairallah, these developments reflect favorable conditions for the return of extremist groups, fueled by internal and regional factors.

Khairallah noted that the Syrian regime is contributing to an environment conducive to these organizations by refusing to implement comprehensive reforms or adhere to UN Security Council resolutions, including Resolution 2254.

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Meanwhile, Syrian Parliament member Mohamed Khair al-Akkam stated that certain international actors, such as the United States, Turkey, and Israel, are capitalizing on the ongoing chaos by supporting these groups, making military solutions alone insufficient.

He added that the parties obstructing the end of the war exploit extremism to serve their interests, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses the intellectual and social roots of this phenomenon.

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The Sudan Case

In Sudan, the situation is different but equally alarming. A Muslim Brotherhood leader revealed the training of tens of thousands of youth for combat, signaling a potential transformation of the country into a new hotspot for armed conflicts.

Sudanese journalist Maher Abu al-Joukh said that extremist groups that ruled the country for decades continue to threaten security and stability. He believes that figures like Abdel Hay Youssef aim to recruit fighters under religious pretexts, thereby igniting new conflicts as these groups work to thwart efforts toward establishing a civil and democratic government.

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Regional Support and Implications

Dr. Hassan al-Qabi, a professor of international relations, highlighted Turkey’s pivotal role in supporting factions tied to political Islam, particularly in Idleb, where these groups receive political and logistical protection.

He also pointed out that the repercussions of the political Islam wave that accompanied the “Arab Spring” led to the influx of weapons and fighters into Syria, warning that the continuation of this phenomenon could expand the activities of armed groups across borders.

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Dr. Emad Jad emphasized that the Muslim Brotherhood is attempting to exploit internal divisions to restore its influence. He explained that Sudan’s political instability provides a space for these groups to recruit and train members.

He concluded that political Islam, whether moderate or extremist, remains loyal to ideologies that reject the nation-state, citing the example of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, who turned into a violent group as soon as they assumed power.

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Experts agree that countering these organizations requires a multidimensional approach, including combating extremist ideologies and cutting off the funding sources of these groups.