Dbeibeh Unveils Political Initiative with Three Tracks to Contain Public Anger

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Libya’s Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity, Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh, has announced a new political initiative composed of three main tracks: restructuring the government based on competence rather than political quotas, launching a project called the “National Inquiry,” and establishing a mechanism to secure upcoming elections.

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While the initiative outwardly aims to end division, restore state authority, and ensure a safe electoral process, many observers view it as a move to quell mounting public and political discontent—especially amid growing calls for his dismissal and escalating security tensions.

Dbeibeh has not revealed full details, but the proposal notably includes a restructuring of his cabinet and a framework to ensure election security. However, the timing and political context have raised questions about the true motivations behind the plan.

Of particular interest is the mention of a new “mechanism” to secure elections. While the United Nations and several Western states are pressing for a clear timeline for the long-delayed elections, critics worry this new mechanism could be interpreted as a renewed attempt to stall political progress.

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Although Dbeibeh repeatedly affirms his commitment to transferring power through elections, his rivals accuse him of using the electoral process as a façade to maintain his grip on power, often through unilateral decisions and weakened institutional collaboration.

His surprise announcement also comes as internal and external pressure mounts—especially after a series of armed clashes in Tripoli, most notably with the Stability Support Apparatus, followed by tensions with the Deterrence Apparatus. These incidents have not only undermined his image of control but also revealed cracks within his own alliance.

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Dissatisfaction is spreading across western Tripoli and other cities like Misrata and Zliten, where citizens voice frustration over economic hardship, service disruptions, inflation, and the ongoing devaluation of the Libyan dinar. The recent security operation, which Dbeibeh portrayed as a state victory, is widely seen as having changed little on the ground and may have deepened instability.

Political and public calls for Dbeibeh’s removal are no longer confined to traditional opponents like the House of Representatives and eastern authorities; some are now coming from groups within his own western base, signaling the erosion of his support.

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A joint statement from Presidential Council members Moussa Al-Koni and Abdullah Al-Lafi further undermined his position, stating that the Council was neither informed nor involved in crafting the initiative—thus deeming it a violation of the consensus-driven framework guiding the transitional phase.

The language of the statement carried a clear warning against “individual improvisation” and stressed the need for comprehensive solutions reached through inclusive dialogue—particularly given the deepening distrust and institutional fragmentation threatening governance in Libya.

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Economically, Dbeibeh struck a confrontational tone, accusing the House of Representatives and the rival Benghazi-based government of spending over 100 billion dinars in two years without oversight, warning of a looming “financial disaster” that could destabilize the economy and hurt everyday citizens.

Yet such accusations, though serious, appear to be part of a broader cycle of mutual blame, as Dbeibeh‘s own administration faces similar criticisms over transparency and fiscal governance.

The financial crisis is likely to worsen as the conflict between the two rival governments over legitimacy escalates, particularly regarding oil revenues, which represent the country’s only lifeline and are contested by political factions amid the absence of a unified mechanism for revenue distribution.

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In justifying the security operation targeting one of the main armed groups, Dbeibeh sought to portray his government as in control of the situation, yet the security reality in the capital does not support this claim. Tripoli remains divided among armed forces with fragile alliances competing for influence and interests, some of which effectively operate outside state authority.

Field sources even report a split within the security and military forces supporting the Prime Minister of National Unity himself, with signs that some allies are beginning to reconsider their positions, especially after sensing they might become the next target of the “security campaign.”

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While Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh attempts to regain the initiative with a politically and security-wise coherent discourse, the challenges appear far deeper than what can be contained in media statements or ministerial speeches. Public trust is eroding, divisions are deepening, and institutions are contesting legitimacy. As for initiatives, regardless of their name, they are increasingly seen by many Libyans as mere attempts to buy time in a country that can no longer afford to wait.

In this complex deadlock, the country seems to be heading toward a crucial crossroads that will not be resolved by words but by difficult compromises or postponed explosions.

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