Study: Oral Bacteria Protect Against Cognitive Decline in the Brain

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom has revealed that bacteria present in the mouth may play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive health and could even help delay age-related cognitive decline.

According to Science Alert, the study focused on the role of Neisseria bacteria, which naturally exist in the oral cavity, and their connection to improved working memory, executive functions, and visual attention.

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The study included 55 participants with mild cognitive impairment and 60 individuals with good cognitive health.

Researchers found that participants with a high abundance of Neisseria bacteria in their mouths exhibited better cognitive performance compared to others. It was also observed that this bacterium contributes to enhancing working memory, even in healthy individuals.

The findings suggest that promoting the presence of Neisseria in the mouth, through probiotics or prebiotics, could be an effective strategy for supporting cognitive health within just a few weeks.

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These results align with previous research linking oral health to cognitive decline. In fact, bacteria associated with gum disease have been found in the brains of deceased Alzheimer’s patients.

However, not all oral bacteria are harmful. Some, such as Neisseria, may actually benefit the brain by converting nitrates found in vegetables into nitric oxide, a vital molecule that supports vascular health and improves blood flow to the brain. This process may enhance cognitive function and reduce neural inflammation linked to diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

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On the other hand, the study also found a link between the presence of Prevotella bacteria in the mouth and an increased risk of cognitive decline, particularly among individuals genetically predisposed to dementia.

Researchers discovered that this bacterium depletes the nitrates needed for nitric oxide production, which could negatively impact brain health.

These findings underscore the importance of a nitrate-rich diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, in maintaining cognitive well-being.

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