From Hassm to Midan: Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood attempts to reengage chaos

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As Cairo announced the foiling of a terrorist plot orchestrated by the movement known as “Hassm“, analysts noted what appeared to be the reactivation of a dormant Brotherhood affiliate, emerging under a new name: “Midan”.

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This organization, which surfaced simultaneously with the failed plot in what seemed like a coordinated effort, is reportedly run by senior Brotherhood figures currently based in Turkey. It is being utilized by the so-called “Change Movement” as a tool of pressure and a vehicle for destabilization against the Egyptian state.

The movement adopts a well-known Brotherhood tactic: launching a public political front with visible programs and alliances—outlined in their strategic document—while covertly operating militant activities through civilian-branded associations and centers.

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One notable figure within “Midan” is Yahya Moussa, a senior Brotherhood leader based in Turkey, who has been accused by Egyptian authorities of masterminding the latest terror plot.

While the organization remained silent about the failed attack, it has been actively promoting a new political agenda that adheres to the Brotherhood’s core blueprint: a public-facing political project coupled with clandestine armed operations.

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Even as Egyptians recently marked the 12th anniversary of the Brotherhood’s ouster—an organization officially designated as terrorist in Egypt—“Midan” has openly signaled its willingness to reintegrate Brotherhood leaders into what it sees as a viable path forward.

What do we know about “Midan”?

Multiple sources confirm that “Midan”, founded by Brotherhood member Reda Fahmy, is considered a direct operational arm of the organization.

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The group, increasingly active in recent months, has issued repeated calls for protests designed to provoke unrest, aligned with violent schemes and terror activities aimed at regaining political influence in Egypt.

It operates through coordination between the Muslim Brotherhood and exiled Salafi leaders abroad, positioning itself as a new “terror incubator”. Targeting youth under the guise of revolutionary struggle and armed resistance, it attracts followers with messages claiming to defend Gaza, as seen in its latest posts on Facebook.

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In January 2022, Reda Fahmy announced the founding of “Midan” at a conference held abroad, framing it under the slogan: “Youth for Change – A Decade of Struggle and a Step Forward”. In his speech, he threatened a return to “armed and revolutionary mobilization”, stating: “This is a dangerous phase, where counter-revolutions believe they have full control and the revolutionary current appears powerless.”

Timing and strategy

Dr. Hisham El-Naggar, an expert in Islamist movements, said that such initiatives reflect the Brotherhood’s modus operandi during crises or periods of defeat—seeking to return through force.

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He explained that the group typically announces its objectives and alliances through a political front, as reflected in the “Change Movement” document, while simultaneously conducting covert military operations under civilian facades.

According to El-Naggar, the revival of this current marks “a sign of strategic bankruptcy,” an attempt to resurrect a stream that previously failed through violence, assassinations, and bombings. He views this as a reaction to the failure of internal factions led by Mahmoud Hussein and Ibrahim Mounir to resolve the group’s leadership crisis.

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El-Naggar also noted that promoting violent figures again is part of an internal power contest. Formerly sidelined figures are now vying for influence, funding, and leadership abroad after years in the shadows.

Since the fall of the Brotherhood in 2013, the group has never ceased its efforts to destabilize Egypt. Yet, these plans are continuously thwarted by the vigilance of Egypt’s security forces and the political awareness of its people.

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